Alpha Lipoic Acid References - Section II
- Alpha-lipoic acid as a dietary supplement: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential. Shay, Kate Petersen, et al., et al. [ed.] E. Arnér and S.S. Krag. 10, Stockholm; Baltimore: Elsevier B.V., October 2009, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) — General Subjects, Vol. 1790, pp. 1149-1160. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2009.07.026; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304416509002153. ISSN: 0304-4165.
- Kirchheimer, Sid. Diabetes Health Center: Antioxidant Soothes Diabetic Neuropathy. WebMD Health News. [Online] April 11, 2003. [Cited: November 30, 2015.] http://diabetes.webmd.com/news/20030411/antioxidant-soothes-diabetic-neuropathy.
- Zelefsky, Joseph R. and Ritch, Robert. Alternative and Non-traditional Treatments of Glaucoma. [ed.] Paul N. Schacknow and John R. Samples. The Glaucoma Book: A Practical, Evidence-Based Approach to Patient Care. New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, 2010, 56, pp. 657-669. ISBN: 978-0-387-76699-7.
- Effect of (R)-α-Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Serum Lipids and Antioxidative Ability in Patients with Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Suna, Ying-Dong, et al., et al. [ed.] Berthold Koletzko. 4, Munich: Karger AG, Basel, June 1, 2012, Annals of Nutrition & Metabolism, Vol. 60, pp. 293-297. ISSN: 0250-6807.
- Oral supplementation with antioxidant agents containing alpha lipoic acid: effects on postmenopausal bone mass. Mainini, G., et al., et al. [ed.] M. Marchetti and J.H. Check. 4, Montréal: La Garangola, January 2012, Clinical and Experimental Obstretics & Gynecology, Vol. 39, pp. 489-493. ISSN: 0390-6663.
- Lipoic acid inhibits cell proliferation of tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Feuerecker, Benedikt, et al., et al. [ed.] Wafik S. El-Deiry. 14, s.l.: Landes Bioscience, December 2012, Cancer Biology & Therapy, Vol. 13, pp. 1425-1435. DOI: 10.4161/cbt.22003; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.4161/cbt.22003. ISSN: 1538-4047.
- Tumor regression with a combination of drugs interfering with the tumor metabolism: efficacy of hydroxycitrate, lipoic acid and capsaicin. Schwartz, Laurent, et al., et al. [ed.] Eric K. Rowinsky. 4, s.l.: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, August 2012, Investigational New Drugs: The Journal of New Anticancer Agents, Vol. 30, pp. 1331-1342. DOI: 10.1007/s10637-012-9849-z; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10637-012-9849-z. ISSN: 0167-6997.
- Singh, Akanksha, et al., et al. Natural Antioxidants and Their Role in Cancer Prevention. [ed.] Sharmila Shankar and Rakesh K. Srivastava. Nutrition, Diet and Cancer. New York: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2012, 23, pp. 563-584. ISBN 978-94-007-2922-3; DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-2923-0.
- Differential Effect of Alpha-lipoic Acid on Healthy Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes and Leukemic Cells. Mikirova, N.A., Jackson, J.A. and Riordan, N. [ed.] Abram Hoffer. 2, Saskatchewan: Canadian Schizophrenia Foundation, January 1, 2008, Journal of Orthomolecular Medicine, Vol. 23, pp. 83-89. ISSN: 0834-4825.
- A novel combination of oral / enema treatment for induction of remission in patients with mild/moderate distal Ulcerative Colitis. Wruble, Lawrence and Pravda, Jay. s.l.: Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America, Inc., 2011. Advances in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Crohn's & Colitis Foundation's National Clinical & Research Conference. Vols. 17, Number S2, p. S50. P-121; DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21939; http://journals.lww.com/ibdjournal/Citation/2011/12002/Recent_trends_in_the_epidemiology_of_IBD_in_the.1.aspx.
- P048: Effects of combination therapy with fenofibrate and alpha-lipoic acid in patients with ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Zhuravlyova, L., Lopina, N. [ed.] Francisco Fernandez-Aviles. suppl A, Hong Kong: Oxford University Press: European Society of Cardiology, February 24-26, 2012, European Heart Journal Abstracts from the International Congress of Cardiology, Vol. 14, pp. A14-A19. DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/sur025; http://eurheartjsupp.oxfordjournals.org/content/14/suppl_A/A14. ISSN: 1520-765X.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid Ameliorates Oxidative Stress by Increasing Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-2 Activity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Li, Rui-Jian, et al., et al. [ed.] Shigeki Shibahara. 1, Sendai: Tohoku University Medical Press, January 2013, The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine, Vol. 29, pp. 45-51. DOI: 10.1620/TJEM.229.45; https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tjem/229/1/229_45/_article. ISSN: 0040-8727.
- Key data from the 10th International Workshop on Adverse Drug Reactions and Lipodystrophy in HIV, 6-8 November 2008, London, UK. Tadayyo, Moh and Cameron, Stephen. [ed.] Douglas D. Richman and Joep M.A. Lange. 8, San Diego: International Medical Press, November 6-8, 2008, Antiviral Therapy, Vol. 13, pp. 1115-1127. PMID: 19195338. ISSN: 1359-6535.
- Patrick, J. Lyn. Naturopathic Medicine. [ed.] Tina M. St. John and Lorren Sandt. Hepatitis C Choices: Diverse Viewpoints and Choices for Your Hepatitis C Journey. 4th. s.l.: Caring Ambassadors Program, Inc., 2008, 14, pp. 209-222. ISBN: 0-9740228-3-7.
- The Effects of α-Lipoic Acid against Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats. Ozbal, Seda, et al., et al. [ed.] Juei-Tang Cheng and João Batista Teixeira Rocha. Article ID 489248, Tainan City; Aveiro: Hindawi Publishing Corporation, October 24, 2012, The Scientific World Journal, Vol. 2012, pp. 1-8. DOI: 10.1100/2012/489248http://www.hindawi.com/journals/tswj/2012/489248/. ISSN: 2356-6140.
- Effects of diabetes and treatment with the antioxidant a-lipoic acid on endothelial and neurogenic responses of corpus cavernosum in rats. Keegan, A., Cotter, M.A. and Cameron, N.E. [ed.] Werner Waldhäusl. 3, Vienna: Springer-Verlag, March 1999, Diabetologia, Vol. 42, pp. 343-350. PMID: 10096788. ISSN: 0012-186X.
- Alfa-Lipoic acid protects testosterone secretion pathway and sperm quality against 4-tert-octylphenol induced reproductive toxicity. Othman, Azza I., et al., et al. [ed.] Kurunthachalam Kannan. Albany: Elsevier Inc., July 1, 2012, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol. 81, pp. 76-83. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.04.018; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651312001273. ISSN: 0147-6513.
- Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Serum Lipid Profile Levels in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease on Hemodialysis. Khabbazi, Tannaz, et al., et al. [ed.] Jerrilynn D. Burrowes and Christoph Wanner. 2, Brookville; Wüerzburg: Elsevier Inc.: National Kidney Foundation, Inc., March 2012, Journal of Renal Nutrition, Vol. 22, pp. 244-250. DOI: 10.1053/j.jrn.2011.06.005; http://www.jrnjournal.org/article/S1051-2276(11)00117-8/abstract. ISSN: 1051-2276.
- α-Lipoic acid attenuates vascular calcification via reversal of mitochondrial function and restoration of Gas6/Axl/Akt survival pathway. Kim, Hyunsoo, et al., et al. [ed.] L.M. Popescu. 2, Bucharest: Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine/Blackwell Publishing Ltd, February 2012, Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Vol. 16, pp. 273-286. DOI: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01294.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01294.x/abstract. eISSN: 1582-4934.
- Lands, Lark and Patrick, J. Lyn. Nutritional Supplementation. [ed.] Tina M. St. John and Lorren Sandt. Hepatitis C Choices: Diverse Viewpoints and Choices for Your Hepatitis C Journey. s.l.: Caring Ambassadors Program, Inc., 2008, 16, pp. 235-244. ISBN: 0-9740228-3-7.
- The potential protective role of alpha-lipoic acid against acetaminophen-induced hepatic and renal damage. Abdel-Zaher, A.O., et al., et al. [ed.] H.W.J. Marquardt and K.B. Wallace. 3, Hamburg; Duluth: Elsevier Ireland Ltd., January 20, 2008, Toxicology, Vol. 243, pp. 261-270. DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2007.10.010; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0300483X07007111. ISSN: 0300-483X.
- Berkson, Burton M. Alpha Lipoic Acid and Liver Disease. Townsend Letter. [Online] December 2007. [Cited: November 30, 2015.] http://www.townsendletter.com/Dec2007/alphalipo1207.htm.
- Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Body Weight in Obese Subjects. Koh, Eun Hee, et al., et al. [ed.] Joseph S. Alpert. 1, Tucson: Elsevier Inc., January 2011, The American Journal of Medicine, Vol. 124, pp. 85.e1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.08.005; http://www.amjmed.com/article/S0002-9343(10)00743-6/abstract. ISSN: 0002-9343.
- Glycemic and oxidative status of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus following oral administration of alpha-lipoic acid: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled study. Porasuphatana, Supatra, et al., et al. [ed.] Meei-Shyuan Lee. 1, Cambridge: John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2012, Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 21, pp. 12-21. ISSN: 0964-7058.
- α-Lipoic Acid Supplementation: A Tool for Obesity Therapy? Carbonelli, M.G., et al., et al. [ed.] William A. Banks. 7, Seattle: Bentham Science Publishers, March 2010, Current Pharmaceutical Design, Vol. 16, pp. 840-846. DOI: 10.2174/138161210790883589; http://www.eurekaselect.com/71104/article. ISSN: 1381-6128.
- Yadav, Vijayshree, Marracci, Gail and Bourdette, Dennis N. Lipoic Acid — A Novel Therapeutic Approach for Multiple Sclerosis. Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University. s.l.: Touch Briefings, 2008. pp. 12-15, Projects in Knowledge. DOI: 10.17925/USN.2008.04.02.12; http://www.touchneurology.com/articles/lipoic-acid-novel-therapeutic-approach-multiple-sclerosis-0.
- The effect of alpha-lipoic acid on temporary threshold shift in humans: a preliminary study. Quaranta, N., et al., et al. [ed.] Gaetano Paludetti. 6, Rome: Società Italiana di Otorinolaringologia e Chirurgia Cervico-Facciale, December 2012, ACTA Otorhinolaryngologica Italica, Vol. 32, pp. 380-385. PMCID: PMC3552536. ISSN: 0392-100X.
- α-Lipoic acid-based PPAR-γ agonists for treating inflammatory skin diseases. Venkatraman, Meenakshi S., et al., et al. [ed.] Ulrich Mrowietz. 3, Kiel: Springer-Verlag, August 2004, Archives of Dermatological Research, Vol. 296, pp. 97-104. DOI: 10.1007/s00403-004-0480-5; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00403-004-0480-5. ISSN: 0340-3696.
- α-Lipoic Acid Modulates Extracellular Matrix and Angiogenesis Gene Expression in Non-Healing Wounds Treated with Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy. Alleva, Renata, et al., et al. [ed.] Detlev Ganten, Walter Rosenthal and Gregg L. Semenza. 3-4, Berlin; Baltimore: Springer Science+Business Media, Mar-Apr 2008, Molecular Medicine, Vol. 14, pp. 175-183. DOI: 10.2119/2007-00095.Alleva; http://static.smallworldlabs.com/molmedcommunity/content/pdfstore/175_183.Alleva.00095.PDF. ISSN: 0946-2716.
- Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunctions in Diabetic Patients: Therapeutic Effect of Alpha Lipoic Acid. Milanov, S., et al., et al. Barcelona: Sherborne Gibbs, 2007. Abstracts of the 2nd International Congress on "Prediabetes" and the Metabolic Syndrome. Vols. 4, Supplement 1, p. S157. PMID: 175336.
- Inhibition Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on the Propagation of Influenza A Virus in MDCK Cells. Bai, Si-Wei, et al., et al. [ed.] Laeeq Akbar Lodhi, Ahrar Khan and Nazir Ahmad. 1, Faisalabad: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, 2011, Pakistan Veterinary Journal, Vol. 32, pp. 101-106. ISSN: 0253-8318.
- High-dose vitamin therapy stimulates variant enzymes with decreased coenzyme binding affinity (increased Km): relevance to genetic disease and polymorphisms. Ames, Bruce N., Elson-Schwab, Ilan and Silver, Eli A. [ed.] Charles H. Halsted. 4, Davis: American Society for Clinical Nutrition, April 2002, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, Vol. 75, pp. 616-658. ISSN: 0002-9165.
- Treatments for mitochondrial dysfunction associated with autism spectrum disorders. Frye, Richard E. and Rossignol, Daniel A. [ed.] Hüseyin Çaksen and Mustafa Cemek. 4, Konya; Istanbul: IOS Press: Society of Child Science, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, December 14, 2012, Journal of Pediatric Biochemistry, Vol. 2, pp. 241-249. DOI: 10.3233/JPB-120065http://content.iospress.com/articles/journal-of-pediatric-biochemistry/jpb00065. ISSN: 1879-5390.
- Combination of alpha lipoic acid and gabapentin, its efficacy in the treatment of Burning Mouth Syndrome: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. López-D'alessandro, Edgardo and Escovich, Livia. [ed.] Jose V. Bagan and Crispian Scully. 5, Valencia; London: Sociedad Española de Medicina Oral, Sociedad Española de Odontoestomatología para el Minusválido y Pacientes Especiales, Sociedad Española de Cirugía Bucal, Academia Iberoamericana de Patología y Medicinal Bucal, August 1, 2011, Medicina Oral Patologia Oral y Cirugia Bucal, Vol. 16, pp. e635-640. DOI: 10.4317/medoral.16942; http://www.medicinaoral.com/pubmed/medoralv16_i5_p635.pdf. ISSN: 1698-4447.
- Effects of alpha-lipoic acid in an animal model of mania induced by d-amphetamine. Macêdo, Danielle S., et al., et al. [ed.] K.N. Roy Chengappa and Samuel Gershon. 7, Pittsburgh: John Wiley and Sons A/S, November 2012, Bipolar Disorders, Vol. 14, pp. 707-718. DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01046.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01046.x/abstract. eISSN: 1399-5618.
- TGF-β(2)- and H(2)O(2)-induced biological changes in optic nerve head astrocytes are reduced by the antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid. Yu, A.L., Moriniere, J. and Welge-Lussen, U. [ed.] B. Corcóstegui, D.E. Pelayes and U. Pleyer. 3, Barcelona; Buenos Aires; Berlin: S. Karger AG, Basel, June 16, 2012, Ophthalmic Research, Vol. 48, pp. 156-164. DOI: 10.1159/000337835;http://www.karger.com/ProdukteDB/Produkte.asp?nr=000337835. ISSN: 0030-3747.
- Protective effects of alpha lipoic acid versus N-acetylcysteine on ifosfamide-induced nephrotoxicity. El-Sisi, Alaa El-Din, et al., et al. [ed.] Alan M. Hoberman. 2, Horsham: SAGE Publications, February 2013, Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 31, pp. 97-107. DOI: 10.1177/0748233712469649; http://tih.sagepub.com/content/31/2/97. ISSN: 0748-2337.
- Effects of Controlled-Release Alpha Lipoic Acid In Lean, Nondiabetic Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Masharani, Umesh, et al., et al. [ed.] David C. Klonoff. 2, Burlingame: Sage Journals: Diabetes Technology Society, March 2010, Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, Vol. 4, pp. 359-364. DOI: 10.1177/193229681000400218; http://dst.sagepub.com/content/4/2/359. ISSN: 1932-2968.
- Not in the mind of neurasthenic lazybones but in the cell nucleus: patients with chronic fatigue syndrome have increased production of nuclear factor kappa beta. Maes, M., Mihaylova, I., Bosmans, E. [ed.] Peter G. Fedor-Freybergh. 4, Prague: Maghira & Maas Publications, August 2007, Neuroendrocrinology Letters, Vol. 28, pp. 456-462. ISSN: 0172-780X.
- Revisiting the ALA/N (α-Lipoic Acid/Low-Dose Naltrexone) Protocol for People With Metastatic and Nonmetastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Report of 3 New Cases. Berkson, Burton M., Rubin, Daniel M. and Berkson, Arthur J. [ed.] Keith I. Block. 4, Chicago: Sage Publications, December 2009, Integrative Cancer Therapies, Vol. 8, pp. 416-422. ISSN: 1534-7354.
- Adding a combination of hydroxycitrate and lipoic acid (METABLOC™) to chemotherapy improves effectiveness against tumor development: experimental results and case report. Guais, Adeline, et al., et al. [ed.] Eric K. Rowinsky. 1, s.l.: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, February 2012, Investigational New Drugs, Vol. 30, pp. 200-211. DOI: 10.1007/s10637-010-9552-x; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10637-010-9552-x. ISSN: 0167-6997.
- Alpha-lipoic acid induces sodium iodide symporter expression in TPC-1 thyroid cancer cell line. Choi, Hyun-Jeung, et al., et al. [ed.] William C. Eckelman. 8, s.l.: Elsevier Inc., November 2012, Nuclear Medicine and Biology, Vol. 39, pp. 1275-1280. DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2012.08.007; http://www.nucmedbio.com/article/S0969-8051(12)00224-7/abstract. ISSN: 0969-8051.
- Effect of α-Lipoic Acid on Platelet Reactivity in Type 1 Diabetic Patients. Mollo, Roberto, et al., et al. [ed.] William T. Cefalu. 2, Alexandria: American Diabetes Association, February 2012, Diabetes Care, Vol. 35, pp. 196-197. DOI: 10.2337/dc11-1255; http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/35/2/196. ISSN: 0149-5992.
- Intervention of mitochondrial dysfunction-oxidative stress-dependent apoptosis as a possible neuroprotective mechanism of α-lipoic acid against rotenone-induced parkinsonism and L-dopa toxicity. Abdin, Amany A. and Sarhan, Naglaa I. [ed.] Atsushi Iriki. 4, Wako: Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society, December 2011, Neuroscience Research, Vol. 71, pp. 387-395. DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2011.08.008; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016801021102061X. ISSN: 0168-0102.
- Therapeutic Effects of Alpha-lipoic Acid and Vitamin C on Alveolar Bone Resorption After Experimental Periodontitis in Rats. A Biochemical, Histochemical and Stereologic Study. Akman, Sumeyra, et al., et al. [ed.] Kenneth S. Kornman. 5, Waltham: American Academy of Periodontology, May 2013, Journal of Periodontology, Vol. 84, pp. 666-674. DOI: 10.1902/jop.2012.120252; http://www.joponline.org/doi/abs/10.1902/jop.2012.120252. eISSN: 1600-051X.
- The Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Learning and Memory Deficit in a Rat Model of Temporal Lobe Epilepsy. Baluchnejadmojarad, Tourandokht, et al., et al. [ed.] Mohammad Taghi Joghataei. 3, Tehran: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Spring 2012, Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Vol. 3, pp. 58-66. eISSN: 2228-7442.
- Improvement of genetic stability in lymphocytes from Fanconi anemia patients through the combined effect of α-lipoic acid and N-acetylcysteine. Ponte, Filipa, et al., et al. [ed.] Ségolène Aymé. 28, Paris: BioMed Central Ltd., May 16, 2012, Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, Vol. 7. DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-7-28; http://www.ojrd.com/content/7/1/28. ISSN: 1750-1172.
- Alpha-Lipoic Acid Inhibits Tumor Necrosis Factor-Induced Remodeling and Weakening of Human Fetal Membranes. Moore, Robert M., et al., et al. [ed.] Mary Ann Handel. 4, Bar Harbor: Society for the Study of Reproduction, Inc., April 2009, Biology of Reproduction, Vol. 80, pp. 781-787. DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.108.073205; http://www.biolreprod.org/content/80/4/781. ISSN: 0006-3363.
- The effects of alpha lipoic acid on liver cells damages and apoptosis induced by polyunsaturated fatty acids. Kaya-Dagistanlia, Fatma, et al., et al. [ed.] A. Wallace Hayes. Andover: Elsevier B.V, March 2013, Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 53, pp. 84-93. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2012.11.026; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691512008332. ISSN: 0278-6915.
- Mitochondrial myopathy presenting as fibromyalgia: a case report. Abdullah, Mishal, et al., et al. [ed.] Michael Kidd. 55, Adelaide: BioMed Central Ltd, February 10, 2012, Journal of Medical Case Reports, Vol. 6. DOI: 10.1186/1752-1947-6-55; http://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/6/1/55. ISSN: 1752-1947.
- Therapeutic Research Faculty. Alpha-Lipoic Acid Monograph. Stockton: Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database, 2015.
- Knaggs, Helen, et al., et al. The contribution of dietary nutrients and supplements to skin health. [ed.] Zoe Diana Draelos. Cosmetic Dermatology: Products & Procedures. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2010, 41, pp. 335-341. ISBN: 978-1-4051-8635-3.
- The Impact of Lipoic Acid on Endothelial Function and Proteinuria in Quinapril-Treated Diabetic Patients With Stage I Hypertension: Results From the QUALITY Study. Rahman, Syed T., et al., et al. [ed.] Robert A. Kloner. 2, Los Angeles: SAGE Publications, June 2012, Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Vol. 17, pp. 139-145. DOI: 10.1177/1074248411413282; http://cpt.sagepub.com/content/17/2/139. ISSN: 1074-2484.
- Houston, Mark C. Hypertension. [ed.] Ingrid Kohlstadt. Food and Nutrients in Disease Management. Boca Raton: CRC Press: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2009, 5, pp. 75-108. ISBN-13: 978-1-4200-6762-0.
- a-Lipoic acid supplementation inhibits oxidative damage, accelerating chronic wound healing in patients undergoing hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Alleva, Renata, et al., et al. [ed.] William J. Lennarz. 2, Stony Brook: Elsevier Inc., July 29, 2005, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 333, pp. 404-410. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.05.119; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X05011150. ISSN: 0006-291X.
- Lipoic acid: energy metabolism and redox regulation of transcription and cell signaling. Packer, Lester and Cadenas, Enrique. [ed.] Toshikazu Yoshikawa. 1, Kyoto: Society for Free Radical Research Japan, January 2011, Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, Vol. 48, pp. 26-32. DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.11-005FR; https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcbn/48/1/48_11-005FR/_article. ISSN: 0912-0009.
- Ehrlich, Steven D. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Guide: Alpha-lipoic acid. University of Maryland Medical Center Medical Reference. [Online] June 26, 2014. [Cited: November 29, 2015.]; http://www.umm.edu/altmed/articles/alpha-lipoic-000285.htm.
- Prasad, Kedar N. Basic Facts about Antioxidants. Micronutrients in Health and Disease. Boca Raton: CRC Press: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2011, 1, pp. 1-12. ISBN: 978-1-4398-2106-0.
- Perricone, Nicholas V. Cellular Rejuvenation. 7 Secrets to Beauty, Health, and Longevity. Crows Nest: Griffin Press: Allen & Unwin, 2006, 1, pp. 3-36. ISBN: 978-1-74175-209-0.
- Baumann, Leslie and Allemann, Inja Bogdan. Depigmenting Agents. [ed.] Leslie Baumann, Sogol Saghari and Edmund Weisberg. Cosmetic Dermatology Principles and Practice. New York: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2009, 33, pp. 279-291. ISBN: 978-0-07-164128-9.
- Paur, Ingvild, et al., et al. Antioxidants in Herbs and Spices: Roles in Oxidative Stress and Redox Signaling. [ed.] Iris F.F. Benzie and Sissi Wachtel-Galor. Herbal Medicine: Biomolecular and Clinical Aspects. 2. Boca Raton: CRC Press; Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2011, 2, pp. 11-35. ISBN: 978-1-4398-0713-2.
- Pressman, Alan H. and Buff, Sheila. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Vitamins and Minerals. New York: Alpha Books: Simon and Schuster Macmillan Company, 1997. ISBN: 0-02-862116-6.
- Malkus, Kristen, Tsika, Elpida and Ischiropoulos, Harry. The Neuroprotective Role of Micronutrients in Parkinson's Disease. [ed.] Lester Packer, et al., et al. Micronutrients and Brain Health. Boca Raton: CRC Press: Taylor and Francis Group, LLC, 2010, 2, pp. 13-22. ISBN: 978-1-4200-7351-5.
- Weber, Stefan U., et al., et al. Antioxidants. [ed.] André O. Barel, Marc Paye and Howard I. Maibach. Handbook of Cosmetic Science and Technology. 3rd. New York: Informa Healthcare USA, Inc., 2009, 28, pp. 301-310. ISBN-13: 978-1-4200-6963-1.
- Lipoic acid prevents liver metabolic changes induced by administration of a fructose-rich diet. Castro, María C., et al., et al. [ed.] Elias Arnér and Sharon Krag. 1, Stockholm; London: Elsevier B.V., January 2013, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) — General Subjects, Vol. 1830, pp. 2226-2232. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2012.10.010; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304416512002905. ISSN: 0304-4165.
- Small molecule modulators of antioxidant response pathway. Hur, Wooyoung and Gray, Nathanael S. [ed.] Benjamin G. Davis. 1, Oxford: Elsevier Ltd., February 2011, Current Opinion in Chemical Biology, Vol. 15, pp. 162-173. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2010.12.009; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1367593110001985. ISSN: 1367-5931.
- Prasad, Kedar N. Scientific Rationale of Current Trends in Clinical Studies of Micronutrients for Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Micronutrients in Health and Disease. Boca Raton: CRC Press: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2011, 3, pp. 23-34. ISBN: 978-1-4398-2106-0.
- Mitochondrial Tolerance to Drugs and Toxic Agents in Ageing and Disease. Suski, Jan, et al., et al. [ed.] Francis J. Castellino. 6, Notre Dame: Bentham Science Publishers Ltd., 2011, Current Drug Targets, Vol. 12, pp. 827-849. DOI: 10.2174/138945011795529029; http://www.eurekaselect.com/73925/article. ISSN: 1389-4501.
- Maczurek, Annette E., et al., et al. Lipoic Acid as a Novel Treatment for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Early-Stage Alzheimer's Disease. [ed.] Lester Packer, et al., et al. Micronutrients and Brain Health. Boca Raton: CRC Press: Taylor and Francis Group, LLC, 2010, 10, pp. 134-148. ISBN: 978-1-4200-7351-5.
- Freye, Enno. Nitrosative Stress in Diverse Multisystem Diseases. Acquired Mitochondropathy — A New Paradigm in Western Medicine Explaining Chronic Diseases. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media, 2012, 7, pp. 71-216. ISBN: 978-94-007-2035-0.
- Epigenetic changes induced by curcumin and other natural compounds. Reuter, Simone, et al., et al. [ed.] Giuditta Perozzi, et al., et al. 2, Rome; Lausanne; Utrecht: Springer-Verlag, May 1, 2011, Genes & Nutrition, Vol. 6, pp. 93-108. DOI: 10.1007/s12263-011-0222-1; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs12263-011-0222-1. ISSN: 1555-8932.
- Cloud, John. Why Your DNA Isn't Your Destiny. [ed.] Richard Stengel. Time Magazine. January 6, 2010.
- Food, Nutrigenomics, and Neurodegeneration — Neuroprotection by What You Eat!. Virmani, Ashraf, et al., et al. [ed.] Nicolas G. Bazan. 2, New Orleans: Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, October 1, 2013, Molecular Neurobiology, Vol. 48, pp. 353-362. DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8498-3; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12035-013-8498-3. ISSN: 0893-7648.
- Role of Mitochondria Biogenesis in the Metabolic Memory Associated with the Continued Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and Its Regulation by Lipoic Acid. Santos, Julia M. and Kowluru, Renu A. [ed.] Paul L. Kaufman. 12, Madison: Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, November 11, 2011, Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Vol. 52, pp. 8791-8798. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8203; http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2187077. eISSN: 1552-5783.
- Adaptive radiation-induced epigenetic alterations mitigated by antioxidants. Bernal, Autumn J., et al., et al. [ed.] Gerald Weissmann. 2, New York: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, February 2013, The FASEB Journal, Vol. 27, pp. 665-671. DOI: 10.1096/fj.12-220350; http://www.fasebj.org/content/27/2/665. ISSN: 0892-6638.
- Alpha-lipoic acid improves high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis by modulating the transcription factors SREBP-1, FoxO1 and Nrf2 via the SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK pathway. Yang, Yi, et al., et al. [ed.] Bernhard Hennig. 11, Lexington: Elsevier Inc., July 15, 2014, The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, Vol. 25, pp. 1207-1217. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.06.001; http://www.jnutbio.com/article/S0955-2863(14)00133-8/abstract. ISSN: 0955-2863.
- Insulin Resistance, Oxidative Stress and Cardiovascular Complications: Role of Sirtuins. Bagul, K. and Banerjee, K. [ed.] William A. Banks. 32, Seattle: ham Science Publishers, October 2013, Current Pharmaceutical Design, Vol. 19, pp. 5663-5677. DOI: 10.2174/13816128113199990372; http://www.eurekaselect.com/114487/article. ISSN: 1381-6128.
- Woodbury Jr., Charles P. PHAR 332: Fundamentals of Drug Action II — Overview of Vitamin B1 (Thiamine). College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago. [Online] November 15, 2007. [Cited: December 2, 2015.] http://www.uic.edu/classes/phar/phar332/Clinical_Cases/vitamin%20cases/thiamin/overview_of_vitb1.htm.
- Marcovitch, Harvey. Black's Medical Dictionary. 41. London: A & C Black Publishers Limited, 2005. ISBN: 0-7136-6146-1.
- α-Lipoic acid supplementation up-regulates antioxidant capacity in adults with G6PD deficiency. Georgakouli, Kalliopi, et al., et al. [ed.] A. Wallace Hayes. Andover: Elsevier Inc, November 2013, Food and Chemical Toxicology, Vol. 61, pp. 69-73. DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.01.055; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0278691513001038. ISSN: 0278-6915.
- U.S. National Library of Medicine. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Genetics Home Reference. [Online] May 2006. [Cited: December 2, 2015.] http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase-deficiency.
- Guyton, Arthur C. and Hall, John E. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the "Internal Environment". Textbook of Medical Physiology. 11. Philadelphia: Elsevier Inc., 2006, 1, pp. 3-10. ISBN: 0-7216-0240-1.
- Obesity, Inflammation, and the Potential Application of Pharmaconutrition. Cave, Matt C., et al., et al. [ed.] Jeanette Hasse. 1, Dallas: SAGE Publications: American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, February 2008, Nutrition in Clinical Practice, Vol. 23, pp. 16-34. DOI: 10.1177/011542650802300116; http://ncp.sagepub.com/content/23/1/16. ISSN: 0884-5336.
- Alpha-lipoic acid effects on brain glial functions accompanying double-stranded RNA antiviral and inflammatory signaling. Scumpia, Philip O., Kelly-Scumpia, Kindra and Stevens, Bruce R. [ed.] Michael B. Robinson. Philadelphia: Elsevier B.V., January 2014, Neurochemistry International, Vol. 64, pp. 55-63. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2013.11.006; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0197018613002970. ISSN: 0197-0186.
- Hechtman, Leah, Harris, Kathy and Bridgeman, Karen. The Immune System. [ed.] Leah Hechtman. Clinical Naturopathic Medicine. Revised. Chatswood: Elsevier Australia, 2012, 9, pp. 280-417. ISBN: 978-0-7295-3885-5.
- Lockwood, Brian. Respiratory health. Nutraceuticals: A guide for healthcare professionals. 2nd. London: Pharmaceutical Press: RPS Publishing, 2007, 20, pp. 247-258. ISBN: 978-0-85369-659-9.
- The Natural Killer Cell: A Historical Perspective and the Use of Supplements to Enhance NKC Activity. Thornthwaite, Jerry T., et al., et al. [ed.] Ronald B. Moss. 3, Irvine: Scientific Research Publishing Inc., October 25, 2012, Journal of Immune Based Therapies, Vaccines and Antimicrobials, Vol. 1, pp. 21-51. DOI: 10.4236/jibtva.2012.13004; http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/jibtva.2012.13004. ISSN: 2168-1546.
- Insulin Signaling and the Heat Shock Response Modulate Protein Homeostasis in the Caenorhabditis elegans Intestine during Infection. Mohri-Shiomi, Akiko and Garsin, Danielle A. [ed.] Herbert Tabor. 1, Bethesda: American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, January 4, 2008, The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 283, pp. 194-201. DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M707956200; http://www.jbc.org/content/283/1/194. ISSN: 0021-9258.
- Dahmer, Stephen M. and Kligler, Benjamin. HIV Disease and AIDS. Integrative Medicine. 3rd. Philadelphia: Saunders: Elsevier Inc., 2012, 17, pp. 158-164.e1. ISBN: 978-1-4377-1793-8.
- Jariwalla, Raxit J., Niedwiecki, Aleksandra and Rath, Matthias. The Essentiality of Nutritional Supplementation in HIV Infection and AIDS: Review of Clinical Studies and Results from a Community Health Micronutrient Program. [ed.] Ronald Ross Watson and Victor R. Preedy. Bioactive Foods in Promoting Health: Fruits and Vegetables. London: Academic Press: Elsevier Inc., 2010, 22, pp. 323-342. ISBN: 978-0-12-374628-3.
- U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. CD4 Count. AIDS.gov. [Online] September 9, 2015. [Cited: December 2, 2015.] http://www.aids.gov/hiv-aids-basics/just-diagnosed-with-hiv-aids/understand-your-test-results/cd4-count/.
- Standish, Leanna J., et al., et al. HIV/AIDS: naturopathic medical principles and practice. [ed.] Joseph E. Pizzorno Jr. and Michael T. Murray. Textbook of Natural Medicine. Second. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone: Harcourt Publishers Limited, 1999, 158, pp. 1277-1302. ISBN: 0-443-05945-4.
- HIV-1 infection and cognitive impairment in the cART-era: a review. Schouten, Judith, et al., et al. [ed.] J.A. Levy. 5, San Francisco: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, March 13, 2011, AIDS, Vol. 25, pp. 561-575. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283437f9a; http://journals.lww.com/aidsonline/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2011&issue=03130&article=00003&type=abstract. ISSN: 0269-9370.
- A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of deprenyl and thioctic acid in human immunodeficiency virus-associated cognitive impairment. Dana Consortium on the Therapy of HIV Dementia and Related Congnitive Disorders. [ed.] Robert Griggs. 3, Rochester: American Academy of Neurology, March 1998, Neurology, Vol. 50, pp. 645-651. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.50.3.645; http://www.neurology.org/content/50/3/645. ISSN: 0028-3878.
- Adjunctive therapies for AIDS dementia complex (Review). Uthman, Olalekan A. and Abdulmalik, Jubril O. [ed.] Cochrane HIV/AIDS Group. 3, Art. No.: CD006496, s.l.: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.: The Cochrane Collaboration, July 16, 2008, Intervention Review, pp. 1-67. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD006496.pub2; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD006496.pub2/abstract. ISSN: 1464-780X.
- Salmond, Ses. The Hepatobiliary System. [ed.] Leah Hechtman. Clinical Naturopathic Medicine. Revised, 1e. Chatswood: Elsevier Australia, 2012, 8, pp. 210-279. ISBN-13: 978-0729541510.
- Nichols, Jr., Trent William. Viral Hepatitis, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis, and Postcholecystectomy Syndrome. [ed.] Ingrid Kohlstadt. Food and Nutrients in Disease Management. Boca Raton: CRC Press: Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2009, 12, pp. 187-200. ISBN: 978-1-4398-7934-4.
- Effect of Vitamin E and Alpha Lipoic Acid in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Open-Label, Prospective Clinical Trial (VAIN Trial). Basu, Patrick P., et al., et al. [ed.] Weizhen Zhang. 5, Beijing: Scientific Research Publishing Inc., May 2, 2014, Open Journal of Gastroenterology, Vol. 4, pp. 1-9. DOI: 10.4236/ojgas.2014.45030; http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/ojgas.2014.45030. ISSN: 2163-9450.
- Protection from hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury and improvement of liver regeneration by alpha-lipoic acid. Duenschede, Friedrich, et al., et al. [ed.] Irshad H. Chaudry. 6, Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: The Shock Society, June 2007, SHOCK®: Injury, Inflammation, and Sepsis: Laboratory and Clinical Approaches, Vol. 27, p. 644Y651. DOI: 10.1097/01.shk.0000248582.25647.ee; http://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2007&issue=06000&article=00009&type=abstract. ISSN: 1073-2322.
- α-lipoic acid promotes the growth of rat hepatic pre-neoplastic lesions in the choline-deficient model. Perra, Andrea, et al., et al. [ed.] Curtis C. Harris. 1, Bethesda: Oxford University Press, January 2008, Carcinogenesis, Vol. 29, pp. 161-168. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgm205; http://carcin.oxfordjournals.org/content/29/1/161. ISSN: 0143-3334.
- National Toxicology Program. Report on Carcinogens - 12th Edition. s.l.: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2011.
- 12th Interdisciplinary Czech — Slovak Toxicology Conference — Interaction of Natural Antioxidants with Indium In Vivo. Černá, Pavla, Kotyzová, Dana and Eybl, Vladislav. [ed.] P. Chuchvalec. 14, s.l.: Association of Czech Chemical Societies, June 13, 2007, Chemické listy, Vol. 101, pp. P09: s174-s175. ISSN: 1213-7103.
- Protective Efficacy of Alpha-lipoic Acid against Aflatoxin B1-induced Oxidative Damage in the Liver. Lia, Y., et al., et al. [ed.] Jong K. Ha. 6, Seoul: Asian-Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies, 2014, Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, Vol. 27, pp. 907-915. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13588; http://ajas.info/journal/view.php?doi=10.5713/ajas.2013.13588. ISSN: 1011-2367.
- Protective effects of curcumin, α-lipoic acid, and N-acetylcysteine against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Morsy, Mohamed A., et al., et al. [ed.] A. Barber and M. Pilar Lostao. 1, s.l.: Springer, March 1, 2012, Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 68, pp. 29-35. DOI: 10.1007/s13105-011-0116-0; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs13105-011-0116-0. ISSN: 1138-7548.
- Therapeutic effect of alpha lipoic acid combined with praziquantel on liver fibrosis induced by Schistosoma mansoni challenged mice. Abdel-Hafeez, Ekhlas H., et al., et al. [ed.] H. Mehlhorn and B. Chobotar. 2, Düsseldorf; Berrien Springs: Springer-Verlag, August 1, 2012, Parasitology Research, Vol. 111, pp. 577-586. DOI: 10.1007/s00436-012-2871-4; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00436-012-2871-4. ISSN: 0932-0113.
- Lipoic acid protects against reperfusion injury in the early stages of cerebral ischemia. Connell, Barry J., et al., et al. [ed.] Irwin B. Levitan. Philadelphia: Elsevier B.V., February 23, 2011, Brain Research, Vol. 1375, pp. 128-136. DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.12.045; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006899310027101. ISSN: 0006-8993.
- Insights in the mechanism underlying the protective effect of α-lipoic acid against acetaminophen-hepatotoxicity. Elshazly, Shimaa M., El-Moselhy, Mohamed A. and Barakat, Waleed. [ed.] F.P. Nijkamp. Utrecht: Elsevier B.V., March 6, 2014, European Journal of Pharmacology, Vol. 726, pp. 116-123. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.042; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299914000727. ISSN: 0014-2999.
- St. John, Tina M. Chronic Hepatitis. [ed.] David Rakel. Integrative Medicine. 3rd. Philadelphia: Saunders: Elsevier Inc., 2012, 19, pp. 171-186.e4. ISBN: 978-1-4377-1793-8.
- Balch, James and Stengler, Mark. Prescription for Natural Cures: A Self-Care Guide for Treating Health Problems with Natural Remedies Including Diet and Nutrition, Nutritional Supplements, Bodywork, and More. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2004. ISBN: 0-471-49088-1.
- Dose translation from animal to human studies revisited. Reagan-Shaw, Shannon, Nihal, Minakshi and Ahmad, Nihal. [ed.] Gerald Weissmann. 3, New York: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, March 1, 2008, The FASEB Journal, Vol. 22, pp. 659-661. DOI: 10.1096/fj.07-9574LSF; http://www.fasebj.org/content/22/3/659. ISSN: 0892-6638.
- α-Lipoic acid attenuates coxsackievirus B3-induced ectopic calcification in heart, pancreas, and lung. Kim, Hyo Shin, et al., et al. [ed.] Ernesto Carafoli. 2, Padua: Elsevier Inc., March 8, 2013, Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Vol. 432, pp. 378-383. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.01.061; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006291X1300140X. ISSN: 0006-291X.
- Synergy of Solifenacin in the Treatment of Experimental Overactive Bladder Dysfunction by Antioxidant Supplements. Hydery, Tasmina, et al., et al. [ed.] Kim Tye. Rocky Hill: American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 2011. 14th AAPS North East Regional Discusssion Group (NERDG) Annual Meeting. p. 28. ARA #2.
- The possible protective effect of antioxidant Alpha-lipoic acid on the liver of pregnant albino rat and its offspring treated with Doxorubicin. Mahasen, Laila M.Aboul, Donya, Souria M. and Mohamed, Amany F. [ed.] Hongbao Ma. 2, New York: Marsland Press, February 25, 2012, Researcher: Report and Opinion, Vol. 4, pp. 25-35. ISSN: 1553-9865.
- Possible Roles of Proinflammatory and Chemoattractive Cytokines Produced by Human Fetal Membrane Cells in the Pathology of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Associated with Influenza Virus Infection. Uchide, Noboru, et al., et al. [ed.] Felipe Vadillo-Ortega. Article ID 270670, Mexico City: Hindawi Publishing Corporation, April 27, 2012, Mediators of Inflammation, Vol. 2012, pp. 1-32. DOI: 10.1155/2012/270670; http://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2012/270670/. ISSN: 0962-9351.
- Neonatal Thyroid Function in Seveso 25 Years after Maternal Exposure to Dioxin. Baccarelli, Andrea, et al., et al. [ed.] Virginia Barbour. 7, Cambridge: Public Library of Science, July 29, 2008, PLOS Medicine, Vol. 5, p. e161. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050161; http://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050161. ISSN-1549-1277.
- Dioxin (TCDD) Induces Epigenetic Transgenerational Inheritance of Adult Onset Disease and Sperm Epimutations. Manikkam, Mohan, et al., et al. [ed.] Toshi Shioda. 9, Boston: Public Library of Science, September 26, 2012, PLOS One, Vol. 7, p. e46249. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046249; http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0046249. eISSN: 1932-6203.
- Wang, Chih-Hao, Chi, Kun-Ting and Wei, Yau-Huei. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Insulin Insensitivity and Type 2 Diabetes and New Insights for Their Prevention and Management. [ed.] Sarika Arora. Insulin Resistance. s.l.: InTech, 2012, 2, pp. 27-48. ISBN: 978-953-51-0890-0.
- Restoration of Dioxin-Induced Damage to Fetal Steroidogenesis and Gonadotropin Formation by Maternal Co-Treatment with α-Lipoic Acid. Koga, Takayuki, et al., et al. [ed.] Alice Y.W. Chang. 7, Kaohsiung City: Public Library of Science, July 20, 2012, PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, p. e40322. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040322; http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0040322. ISSN: 1932-6203.
- National Institutes of Health. National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse: Erectile Dysfunction. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. [Online] November 2015. [Cited: November 25, 2015.] http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/urologic-disease/erectile-dysfunction/Pages/facts.aspx. NIH Publication No. 09-3923.
- Lockwood, Brian. Synergism, beneficial interactions and combination products. Nutraceuticals: A guide for healthcare professionals. 2nd. London: Pharmaceutical Press: RPS Publishing, 2007, 20, pp. 339-358. ISBN: 978-0-85369-659-9.
- Phelps, Kerryn. Gastroenterology. [ed.] Kerryn Phelps and Craig Hassed. General Practice: The Integrative Approach. Chatswood: Elsevier Australia, 2010, 30. ISBN-13: 978-0-72-953804-6.
- Chronic Inflammation and Cancer: The Role of the Mitochondria. Kamp, David W., Shacter, Emily and Weitzman, Sigmund A. [ed.] James O. Armitage, et al., et al. 5, London: UBM Medica LLC, April 30, 2011, Oncology, Vol. 25, pp. 400-10, 413. ISSN: 0890-9091.
- Mayo Clinic Staff. Ulcerative colitis: Risk factors. Mayo Clinic. [Online] September 9, 2014. [Cited: December 3, 2015.] http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ulcerative-colitis/DS00598/DSECTION=risk-factors.
- Risk Factors for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the General Population. Rodríguez, L.A. García, et al., et al. [ed.] Roy E. Pounder and Walter L. Peterson. 4, London; Dallas: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., August 23, 2005, Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol. 22, pp. 309-315. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02564.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02564.x/abstract. eISSN: 1365-2036.
- Abreu, Maria T., Fukata, Masayuki and Breglio, Keith. Innate Immunity and its Implications on Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. [ed.] Stephan R. Targan, Fergus Shanahan and Loren C. Karp. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Translating Basic Science Into Clinical Practice. West Sussex: John Wiley and Sons: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2010, 7, pp. 64-81. ISBN: 978-1-4051-57254.
- Mayo Clinic Staff. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Risk factors; Treatments and drugs. Mayo Clinic. [Online] February 158, 2015. [Cited: December 3, 2015.] http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/inflammatory-bowel-disease/DS01195/DSECTION=treatments-and-drugs.
- Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates hemorrhagic shock-induced apoptotic signaling and vascular hyperpermeability. Tharakan, Binu, et al., et al. [ed.] Irshad H. Chaudry. 5, Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: The Shock Society, November 30, 2008, SHOCK®: Injury, Inflammation, and Sepsis: Laboratory and Clinical Approaches, Vol. 30, pp. 571-577. DOI: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31816a7308; http://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2008&issue=11000&article=00014&type=abstract. ISSN: 1073-2322.
- Effects of alpha lipoic acid and its R+ enantiomer supplemented to hyperbaric oxygen therapy on interleukin-6, TNF-α and EGF production in chronic leg wound healing. Nasole, Emanuele, et al., et al. [ed.] Claudiu T. Supuran. 2, Florence: Informa Plc., 2014, Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 29, pp. 297-302. DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.759951; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/14756366.2012.759951. ISSN: 1475-6366.
- Pretreatment of diabetic rats with lipoic acid improves healing of subsequently-induced abrasion wounds. Lateef, Humaira, et al., et al. [ed.] Ulrich Mrowietz. 2, Kiel: Springer-Verlag, August 2005, Archives of Dermatological Research, Vol. 297, pp. 75-83. DOI: 10.1007/s00403-005-0576-6; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00403-005-0576-6. ISSN: 0340-3696.
- α-lipoic acid: An inhibitor of secretory phospholipase A2 with anti-inflammatory activity. Jameel, Noor Mohamed, Shekhar, Mysore A. and Vishwanath, Bannikuppe S. [ed.] Frank Porreca. 2, Columbus: Elsevier Inc., December 14, 2006, Life Sciences, Vol. 80, pp. 146-153. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.08.032; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002432050600676X. ISSN: 0024-3205.
- A Preliminary Investigation of [alpha]-Lipoic Acid Treatment of Antipsychotic Drug-Induced Weight Gain in Patients With Schizophrenia. Kim, Eosu, et al., et al. [ed.] Richard I. Shader and David J. Greenblatt. 2, Medford: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc., April 2008, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol. 28, pp. 138-146. DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e31816777f7; http://journals.lww.com/psychopharmacology/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2008&issue=04000&article=00003&type=abstract. ISSN: 0271-0749.
- Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid on LPS-Induced Oxidative Stress in the Heart. Goraca, A., A.Piechota and Huk-Kolega, H. [ed.] Tomasz Brzozowski. 1, Kraków: Polish Physiological Society, Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology, Vol. 60, pp. 61-68. ISSN: 0867-5910.
- Alpha lipoic acid attenuates oxidative stress-induced damage macromolecules in the brain of rats with sepsis-associated encephalopathy. Danielski, L.G., et al., et al. [ed.] Jean-Louis Vincent. Sepsis 2014 Suppl 2, Brussels: BioMed Central Ltd., April 2014, Critical Care, Vol. 18, p. P71. DOI: 10.1186/cc14074; http://www.ccforum.com/content/18/S2/P71. ISSN: 1364-8535.
- Lipoic Acid in the Treatment of Smell Dysfunction Following Viral Infection of the Upper Respiratory Tract. Hummel, Thomas, Heilmann, Stefan and Hüttenbriuk, Karl-Bernd. [ed.] Byron J. Bailey. 11, Omaha: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: The Triological Society, November 2002, The Laryngoscope, Vol. 112, pp. 2076-2080. DOI: 10.1097/00005537-200211000-00031; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1097/00005537-200211000-00031/abstract. ISSN: 0023-852X.
- Attenuation of autoimmune responses to oxidative specific epitopes, but not nitroso-adducts, is associated with a better clinical outcome in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome. Maes, Michael and Leunis, Jean-Claude. [ed.] Peter G. Fedor-Freybergh. 7, Prague: Maghira & Maas Publications, December 27, 2014, Neuroendocrinology Letters, Vol. 35, pp. 577-585. ISSN: 0172-780X.
- Chronic fatigue syndrome and co-morbid and consequent conditions: evidence from a multi-site clinical epidemiology study. Bateman, Lucinda, et al., et al. [ed.] Fred Friedberg. 1, Stony Brook: Taylor & Francis Group, 2015, Fatigue: Biomedicine, Health & Behavior , Vol. 3, pp. 1-15. DOI: 10.1080/21641846.2014.978109; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21641846.2014.978109. ISSN: 2164-1846.
- Normalization of leaky gut in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is accompanied by a clinical improvement: effects of age, duration of illness and the translocation of LPS from gram-negative bacteria. Maes, Michael and Leunis, Jean-Claude. [ed.] Peter G. Fedor-Freybergh. 6, Prague: Maghira & Maas Publications, December 2008, Neuroendocrinology Letters, Vol. 29, pp. 902-910. ISSN: 0172-780X.
- Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Blood Pressure and Some Inflammatory Factors in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Gargari, Bahram Pourghassem, et al., et al. [ed.] Masomeh Sofian. 12, Arak: Arak University of Medical Sciences, March 2015, Arak University of Medical Sciences Journal, Vol. 17, pp. 9-18.
- α-Lipoic acid (α-LA) inhibits the transcriptional activity of interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF-1) via SUMOylation. Sun, Tao, et al., et al. [ed.] Jr. Daniel Acosta, Frank A. Barile and Bas J. Blaauboer. 7, Jefferson; Queens; Utrecht: Elsevier Ltd., October 2014, Toxicology in Vitro, Vol. 28, pp. 1242-1248. DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2014.06.003; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887233314001088. ISSN: 0887-2333.
- Glutathione, N-acetylcysteine and Lipoic Acid Down-Regulate Starvation-Induced Apoptosis, RANKL/OPG Ratio and Sclerostin in Osteocytes: Involvement of JNK and ERK1/2 Signalling. Fontani, Filippo, et al., et al. [ed.] Stuart H. Ralston and Rene Rizzoli. 4, Edinburgh; Geneva: Springer US, April 2015, Calcified Tissue International, Vol. 96, pp. 335-346. DOI: 10.1007/s00223-015-9961-0; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00223-015-9961-0. ISSN: 0171-967X.
- Alpha-lipoic acid suppresses the development of collagen-induced arthritis and protects against bone destruction in mice. Lee, Eun Young, et al., et al. 3, s.l.: Springer-Verlag, January 1, 2007, Rheumatology International, Vol. 27, pp. 225-233. DOIhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00296-006-0193-5: 10.1007/s00296-006-0193-5; . ISSN: 0172-8172.
- Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Inflammatory Biomarkers and Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients. Mirtaheri, Elham, et al., et al. [ed.] John J. Cunningham. 4, Amherst: Taylor & Francis Group, March 29, 2015, Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 34, pp. 310-317. DOI:10.1080/07315724.2014.910740; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/07315724.2014.910740#.VqEp2jZOWpo. ISSN: 0731-5724.
- Sonographic assessment of carpal tunnel syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis: prevalence and correlation with disease activity. Karadag, Omer, et al., et al. [ed.] Loreto Carmona. 8, Madrid: Springer-Verlag, August 1, 2012, Rheumatology International, Vol. 32, pp. 2313-2319. DOI: 10.1007/s00296-011-1957-0; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00296-011-1957-0. ISSN: 0172-8172.
- Clinical Usefulness of Oral Supplementation with Alpha-Lipoic Acid, Curcumin Phytosome, and B-Group Vitamins in Patients with Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Undergoing Surgical Treatment. Pajardi, Giorgio, et al., et al. [ed.] Youn Chul Kim. Article ID 891310, Iksan: Hindawi Publishing Corporation, January 19, 2014, Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Vol. 2014, pp. 1-7. DOI: 10.1155/2014/891310; http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ecam/2014/891310/. ISSN: 1741-427X.
- Space Radiation and Bone Loss. Willey, Jeffrey S., et al., et al. [ed.] Anna-Lisa Paul. 1, Gainesville: American Society for Gravitational and Space Biology, September 2011, Gravitational and Space Biology, Vol. 25, pp. 14-21. ISSN: 2332-7774.
- Biological Effects of Space Radiation and Development of Effective Countermeasures. Kennedy, Ann R. [ed.] Tom K. Hei and D.J. Chen. New York; Dallas: Elsevier Ltd., April 2014, Life Sciences in Space Research, Vol. 1, pp. 10-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2014.02.004; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214552414000108. ISSN: 2214-5524.
- Oxidative stress and gamma radiation-induced cancellous bone loss with musculoskeletal disuse. Kondo, Hisataka, et al., et al. [ed.] Jerome A. Dempsey. 1, Madison: The American Physiological Society, January 1, 2010, Journal of Applied Physiology, Vol. 108, pp. 152-161. http://jap.physiology.org/content/108/1/152DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00294.2009; . ISSN: 8750-7587.
- Synergy of Solifenacin in the Treatment of Experimental Overactive Bladder Dysfunction by Antioxidant Supplements. Hydery, Tasmina, et al., et al. [ed.] Kim Tye. Rocky Hill: American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 2011. 14th AAPS North East Regional Discusssion Group (NERDG) Annual Meeting. p. 28. ARA #2.
- Differential Diagnosis and Treatment of Impaired Bladder Emptying. Yoshimura, Naoki and Chancellor, Michael B. [ed.] Michael K. Brawer and Herbert Lepor. Suppl 1, Seattle; New York: MedReviews, LLC, 2004, Reviews in Urology, Vol. 6, pp. S24-31. ISSN: 1523-6161.
- Effect of αlipoic acid and silymarin on bladder outlet obstruction. Yıldırım, Abidin, et al., et al. [ed.] Demetrios A. Spandidos. 2, Athens: Spandidos Publications, February 2013, Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, Vol. 5, pp. 596-602. DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.831; http://www.spandidos-publications.com/10.3892/etm.2012.831. ISSN: 1792-0981.
- Diabetic Bladder Dysfunction: Current Translational Knowledge. Daneshgar, Firouz, et al., et al. [ed.] William D. Steers. 6, Charlottesville: Elsevier Inc., December 2009, The Journal of Urology, Vol. 182, pp. S18-S26. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2009.08.070; http://www.jurology.com/article/S0022-5347(09)02092-8/abstract. ISSN: 0022-5347.
- Ability of alpha-lipoic acid to reverse the diabetic cystopathy in a rat model. Jiang, Yuan-jun, et al., et al. [ed.] Jian Ding. 6, Shanghai: Nature Publishing Group, June 2008, Acta Pharmacologica Sinica, Vol. 29, pp. 713-719. DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7254.2008.00790.x; http://www.nature.com/aps/journal/v29/n6/full/aps200886a.html. ISSN: 1671-4083.
- The Beneficial Effect of Coenzyme Q10 and Lipoic Acid on Obstructive Bladder Dysfunction in the Rabbit. Juan, Yung-Shun, et al., et al. [ed.] William D. Steers. 5, Charlottesville: Elsevier Inc., November 2008, The Journal of Urology, Vol. 180, pp. 2234-2240. DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2008.07.022; http://www.jurology.com/article/S0022-5347(08)01819-3/abstract. ISSN: 0022-5347.
- Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA) effects on subchorionic hematoma: preliminary clinical results. Porcaro, G., et al., et al. [ed.] Aldo V. Greco and Antonio Gasbarrini. 19, Rome: Verduci Editore s.r.l., 2015, European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences, Vol. 2015, pp. 3426-3432. ISSN: 1128-3602.
- Treatment of idiopathic asthenozoospermia, either isolated or oligoasthenozoospermia, with α-lipoic acid: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Raaia, Mohamed F., et al., et al. [ed.] Kamal Zaki Mahmoud Shaeer. 4, Cairo: Cairo University, December 2012, Human Andrology, Vol. 2, pp. 94-98. DOI: 10.1097/01.XHA.0000419798.52349.2e; http://journals.lww.com/humanandrology/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2012&type=abstract. ISSN: 2090-6048.
- Effects of Lipoic Acid on Acrylamide Induced Testicular Damage. Lebda, Mohamed, Gad, Shereen and Gaafar, Hossam. [ed.] Izet Masic. 3, Sarajevo: Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, June 21, 2014, Materia Socio Medica, Vol. 26, pp. 208-212. DOI: 10.5455/msm.2014.26.208-212; http://www.scopemed.org/?mno=163688. ISSN: 1512-7680.
- Widely Used Herbicide Linked to Cancer. Cressey, Daniel. [ed.] Philip Campbell. London: Nature Publishing Group, March 24, 2015, Nature: News. DOI: 10.1038/nature.2015.17181; http://www.nature.com/news/widely-used-herbicide-linked-to-cancer-1.17181. ISSN: 0028-0836.
- Toxicology Data Network. Zineb. Bethesda: U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2010. CASRN: 12122-67-7.
- Alleviation of lindane induced toxicity in testis of Swiss mice (Mus musculus) by combined treatment with vitamin C, vitamin E and α-lipoic acid. Nagda, Girima and Bhatt, Devendra Kumar. [ed.] K.S. Krishnan Marg. New Delhi: National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources, March 2011, Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol. 49, pp. 191-199. ISSN: 0019-5189.
- Association between environmental exposure to p, p′-DDE and lindane and semen quality. Pant, Niraj, et al., et al. [ed.] Philippe Garrigues. 18, Talence: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, September 2014, Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Vol. 21, pp. 11009-11016. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2965-x; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11356-014-2965-x. ISSN: 0944-1344.
- Pesticide-induced decrease in rat testicular steroidogenesis is differentially prevented by lipoate and tocopherol. Astiz, Mariana, et al., et al. [ed.] Kurunthachalam Kannan. Albany: Elsevier Inc., May 1, 2013, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol. 91, pp. 129-138. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.01.022; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651313000389. ISSN: 0147-6513.
- Lipoic acid mitigates bisphenol A-induced testicular mitochondrial toxicity in rats. El-Beshbishy, Hesham A., Aly, Hamdy A.A. and El-Shafey, Mostafa. [ed.] Alan M. Hoberman. 10, Horsham: SAGE Publications, November 2013, Toxicology and Industrial Health, Vol. 29, pp. 875-887. DOI: 10.1177/0748233712446728; http://tih.sagepub.com/content/29/10/875. ISSN: 0748-2337.
- Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors and Nuclear Receptors Gene Expression in Infertile and Fertile Men from Italian Areas with Different Environmental Features. Rocca, Cinzia La, et al., et al. [ed.] Paul B. Tchounwou. 10, Jackson: MDPI AG, October 5, 2015, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 12, pp. 12426-12445. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121012426; http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/10/12426. ISSN: 1660-4601.
- Urinary Bisphenol A Concentrations in Relation to Serum Thyroid and Reproductive Hormone Levels in Men from an Infertility Clinic. Meeker, John D., Calafat, Antonia M. and Hauser, Russ. [ed.] Jerald L. Schnoor. 4, Iowa City: ACS Publications, February 15, 2010, Environmental Science & Technology, Vol. 44, pp. 1458-1463. DOI: 10.1021/es9028292; http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es9028292. ISSN: 0013-936X.
- Occupational exposure to bisphenol-A (BPA) and the risk of Self-Reported Male Sexual Dysfunction. Li, D., et al., et al. [ed.] André Van Steirteghem. 2, Brussels: Oxford University Press, February 2010, Human Reproduction, Vol. 25, pp. 519-527. DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dep381; http://humrep.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2009/11/10/humrep.dep381.full. ISSN: 0268-1161.
- Effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy on spermatogenesis in humans. Meistrich, Marvin L. [ed.] Craig S. Niederberger and Antonio Pellicer. 5, Chicago; Valencia: Elsevier Inc.: American Society for Reproductive Medicine, November 2013, Fertility and Sterility®, Vol. 100, pp. 1180-1186. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.08.010; http://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(13)02955-5/abstract. ISSN: 0015-0282.
- Modulatory role of lipoic acid on adriamycin-induced testicular injury. Prahalathan, Chidambaram, Selvakumar, Elangovan and Varalakshmi, Palaninathan. [ed.] James A. Bond. 2, Durham: Elsevier Ireland Ltd., March 25, 2006, Chemico-Biological Interactions, Vol. 160, pp. 108-114. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2005.12.007; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009279705004291. ISSN: 0009-2797.
- Randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial examining the effects of alpha-lipoic acid supplement on the spermatogram and seminal oxidative stress in infertile men. Haghighian, Hossein Khadem, et al., et al. [ed.] Craig S. Niederberger and Antonio Pellicer. 2, Chicago; Valencia: Elsevier Inc.: American Society for Reproductive Medicine, August 2015, Fertility and Sterility, Vol. 104, pp. 318-324. DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.05.014; http://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(15)00361-1/abstract. ISSN: 0015-0282.
- Ogunyemi, Oreoluwa I., Abel, E. Jason and Weiker, Madelyn. Testicular Torsion. Medscape. [Online] December 11, 2015. [Cited: January 25, 2016.] http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/2036003-overview#showall.
- Mechanisms of testicular torsion and potential protective agents. Karaguzel, Ersagun, Kadihasanoglu, Mustafa and Kutlu, Omer. [ed.] Annette Fenner. London: Nature Publishing Group, June 17, 2014, Nature Reviews Urology, Vol. 11, pp. 391-399. DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2014.135; http://www.nature.com/nrurol/journal/v11/n7/full/nrurol.2014.135.html. ISSN: 1759-4812.
- Neonatal Thyroid Function in Seveso 25 Years after Maternal Exposure to Dioxin. Baccarelli, Andrea, et al., et al. [ed.] Virginia Barbour. 7, Cambridge: Public Library of Science, July 29, 2008, PLOS Medicine, Vol. 5, p. e161. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0050161; http://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.0050161. ISSN-1549-1277.
- Associations between Bisphenol A Exposure and Reproductive Hormones among Female Workers. Miao, Maohua, et al., et al. [ed.] Huixiao Hong. 10, Jefferson: MDPI AG, October 22, 2015, International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 12, pp. 13240-13250. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph121013240; http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/12/10/13240. ISSN: 1660-4601.
- Bisphenol A and Reproductive Health: Update of Experimental and Human Evidence, 2007-2013. Peretz, Jackye, et al., et al. [ed.] Hugh Tilson. 8, Chapel Hill: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, August 2014, Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 122, pp. 775-786. DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1307728; http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/1307728/. ISSN-L: 0091-6765.
- Possible Roles of Proinflammatory and Chemoattractive Cytokines Produced by Human Fetal Membrane Cells in the Pathology of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Associated with Influenza Virus Infection. Uchide, Noboru, et al., et al. [ed.] Felipe Vadillo-Ortega. Article ID 270670, Mexico City: Hindawi Publishing Corporation, April 27, 2012, Mediators of Inflammation, Vol. 2012, pp. 1-32. DOI: 10.1155/2012/270670; http://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2012/270670/. ISSN: 0962-9351.
- The impact of alpha lipoic acid on developmental competence of mouse vitrified pre-antral follicles in comparison to those isolated from vitrified ovaries. Hatami, Sahar, et al., et al. [ed.] Abbas Aflatoonian. 1, Yazd: Research and Clinical Center for Infertility of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, January 2014, Iranian Journal of Reproductive Medicine, Vol. 12, pp. 57-64. ISSN: 1680-6433.
- Dioxin (TCDD) Induces Epigenetic Transgenerational Inheritance of Adult Onset Disease and Sperm Epimutations. Manikkam, Mohan, et al., et al. [ed.] Toshi Shioda. 9, Boston: Public Library of Science, September 26, 2012, PLOS One, Vol. 7, p. e46249. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0046249; http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0046249. eISSN: 1932-6203.
- Influence of α-tocopherol and α-lipoic acid on bisphenol-A-induced oxidative damage in liver and ovarian tissue of rats. Avci, Bahattin, et al., et al. [ed.] Alan M. Hoberman. Horsham: SAGE Publications, December 29, 2014, Toxicology and Industrial Health. DOI: 10.1177/0748233714563433; http://tih.sagepub.com/content/early/2014/12/29/0748233714563433. ISSN: 0748-2337.
- The possible protective effect of antioxidant Alpha-lipoic acid on the liver of pregnant albino rat and its offspring treated with Doxorubicin. Mahasen, Laila M.Aboul, Donya, Souria M. and Mohamed, Amany F. [ed.] Hongbao Ma. 2, New York: Marsland Press, February 25, 2012, Researcher: Report and Opinion, Vol. 4, pp. 25-35. ISSN: 1553-9865.
- Effects of α-lipoic acid supplementation on maternal diabetes-induced growth retardation and congenital anomalies in rat foetuses. Ghafli, M.H.M. Al, et al., et al. [ed.] Naranjan S. Dhalla. 1, Winnipeg: Springer Science+Business Media, June 2004, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Vol. 261, pp. 123-135. DOI: 10.1023/B:MCBI.0000028747.92084.42; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FB%3AMCBI.0000028747.92084.42. ISSN: 0300-8177.
- Restoration of Dioxin-Induced Damage to Fetal Steroidogenesis and Gonadotropin Formation by Maternal Co-Treatment with α-Lipoic Acid. Koga, Takayuki, et al., et al. [ed.] Alice Y.W. Chang. 7, Kaohsiung City: Public Library of Science, July 20, 2012, PLoS ONE, Vol. 7, p. e40322. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0040322; http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0040322. ISSN: 1932-6203.
- The Combination of N-Acetyl Cysteine, Alpha-Lipoic Acid, and Bromelain Shows High Anti-Inflammatory Properties in Novel In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Endometriosis. Agostinis, C., et al., et al. [ed.] Lifei Hou. Article ID 918089, Cambridge: Hindawi Publishing Corporation, April 16, 2015, Mediators of Inflammation, Vol. 2015, pp. 1-9. DOI: 10.1155/2015/918089; http://www.hindawi.com/journals/mi/2015/918089/. ISSN: 0962-9351.
- Influence of Thioctic Acid on the Hyperinsulinemia and Ovarian Volume in Female Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Ivanova, L.A. [ed.] Aline Marcadenti and Yuh-Min Song. 4, Porto Alegre; New Taipei City: Scientific Research Publishing Inc., April 2015, Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Vol. 5, pp. 37-40. DOI: 10.4236/ojemd.2015.54005; http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?paperID=55455. eISSN: 2165-7432.
- Effect of myo-inositol and alpha-lipoic acid on oocyte quality in polycystic ovary syndrome non-obese women undergoing in vitro fertilization: a pilot study. Rago, R., et al., et al. [ed.] Pio Conti. 4, Chieti: BioLife, s.a.s., Oct-Dec 2015, Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents, Vol. 29, pp. 913-923. ISSN: 0393-974X.
- Batra, Avneesh Chhabral Kiran, et al., et al. Subchorionic Hemorrhage. Medscape. [Online] September 5, 2015. [Cited: January 21, 2016.] http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/404971-overview#showall.
- National Institutes of Health. National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse: Erectile Dysfunction. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. [Online] November 2015. [Cited: November 25, 2015.] http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/urologic-disease/erectile-dysfunction/Pages/facts.aspx. NIH Publication No. 09-3923.
- Effect of Transdermal Testosterone or Alpha-Lipoic Acid on Erectile Dysfunction and Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Mitkov, Mitko D., Aleksandrova, Ivanka Y. and Orbetzova, Maria M. [ed.] Stefan Kostianev. 1, Plovdiv: Walter de Gruyter GmbH: Medical University-Plovdiv, August 17, 2013, Folia Medica, Vol. 55, pp. 55-63. DOI: 10.2478/folmed-2013-0006; http://www.degruyter.com/view/j/folmed.2013.55.issue-1/folmed-2013-0006/folmed-2013-0006.xml. ISSN: 0204-8043.
- Lockwood, Brian. Synergism, beneficial interactions and combination products. Nutraceuticals: A guide for healthcare professionals. 2nd. London: Pharmaceutical Press: RPS Publishing, 2007, 20, pp. 339-358. ISBN: 978-0-85369-659-9.
- α-Lipoic acid in the treatment of autonomic diabetic neuropathy (controlled, randomized, open-label study). Tankova, Tsvetalina, Koev, D. and Dakovska, L. [ed.] Gheorghe - Andrei Dan and Coman Tanasescu. 2, Bucharest: Bucuresti: Editura Academiei Române, 2004, Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine, Vol. 42, pp. 457-464. ISSN: 1220-4749.
- Phelps, Kerryn. Gastroenterology. [ed.] Kerryn Phelps and Craig Hassed. General Practice: The Integrative Approach. Chatswood: Elsevier Australia, 2010, 30. ISBN-13: 978-0-72-953804-6.
- Chronic Inflammation and Cancer: The Role of the Mitochondria. Kamp, David W., Shacter, Emily and Weitzman, Sigmund A. [ed.] James O. Armitage, et al., et al. 5, London: UBM Medica LLC, April 30, 2011, Oncology, Vol. 25, pp. 400-10, 413. ISSN: 0890-9091.
- Ulcerative colitis-induced hepatic damage in mice: studies on inflammation, fibrosis, oxidative DNA damage and GST-P expression. Trivedi, P.P. and Jena, G.B. [ed.] Daniel R. Dietrich. 1-3, Konstanz: Elsevier Ireland Ltd., January 25, 2013, Chemico-Biological Interactions, Vol. 201, pp. 19-30. DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2012.12.004; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009279712002748. ISSN: 0009-2797.
- Mayo Clinic Staff. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Risk factors; Treatments and drugs. Mayo Clinic. [Online] February 18, 2015. [Cited: June 21, 2016.] http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/inflammatory-bowel-disease/basics/treatment/con-20034908.
- Curcumin for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review of Human Studies. Taylor, Rebecca A. and Leonard, Mandy C. [ed.] Kathleen A. Head. 2, Napa: Alternative Medicine Review, LLC, June 2011, Alternative Medicine Review, Vol. 16, pp. 152-156. ISSN: 1089-5159.
- Mayo Clinic Staff. Ulcerative colitis: Risk factors. Mayo Clinic. [Online] September 9, 2014. [Cited: June 21, 2016.] http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/ulcerative-colitis/basics/risk-factors/con-20043763.
- Risk Factors for Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the General Population. Rodríguez, L.A. García, et al., et al. [ed.] Roy E. Pounder and Walter L. Peterson. 4, London; Dallas: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., August 23, 2005, Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol. 22, pp. 309-315. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02564.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02564.x/abstract. eISSN: 1365-2036.
- Abreu, Maria T., Fukata, Masayuki and Breglio, Keith. Innate Immunity and its Implications on Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. [ed.] Stephan R. Targan, Fergus Shanahan and Loren C. Karp. Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Translating Basic Science Into Clinical Practice. West Sussex: John Wiley and Sons: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2010, 7, pp. 64-81. ISBN: 978-1-4051-57254.
- α-Lipoic acid modulates gut inflammation induced by trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in rats. Kolgazi, Meltem, et al., et al. [ed.] Geoffrey C. Farrell. 11, Garran: Gastroenterology and Hepatology Foundation and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd, November 2007, Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Vol. 22, pp. 1859-1865. DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04504.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2006.04504.x/abstract. eISSN: 1440-1746.
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in inflammatory bowel disease. Novak, Elizabeth A. and Mollen, Kevin P. [ed.] Seppo J. Vainio. 62, Oulu: Nature Publishing Group, October 1, 2015, Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol. 3. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2015.00062; http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcell.2015.00062/full. ISSN: 2296-634X.
- Co-administration of α-lipoic acid and cyclosporine aggravates colon ulceration of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via facilitation of NO/COX-2/miR-210 cascade. El-Gowelli, Hanan M., et al., et al. [ed.] Scott W. Burchiel. 3, Albuquerque: Elsevier B.V., November 1, 2015, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 288, pp. 300-312. DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.08.002; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041008X15300545. ISSN: 0041-008X.
- Antioxidant Effect of Alpha-Lipoic Acid against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Mucosal Erosion in Rats. Şehirli, Özer, et al., et al. 2, s.l.: Karger, January 2008, Pharmacology, Vol. 81, pp. 173-180. DOI: 10.1159/000111145; http://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/111145. ISSN: 0031-7012.
- Effect of α-lipoic acid on fundic gastric mucosal damage induced by acetyl salicylic acid: a histological study. Yehia, Nagah M., et al., et al. [ed.] Ahmed S. El-Morsy. 2, Cairo: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, June 2014, The Egyptian Journal of Histology, Vol. 37, pp. 280-291. DOI: 10.1097/01.EHX.0000446586.27067.46; http://journals.lww.com/ejhistology/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2014&issue=06000&article=00005&type=abstract. ISSN: 2090-2417.
- Gastro Protective, Antiapoptotic and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Alpha-lipoic Acid on Ethanol Induced Gastric Mucosal Lesions in Rats. Hussein, S.A., El-Senosy, Y.A. and Hassan, Marwa F. [ed.] Idress Hamad Attitalla. 2, Al-Bayda: Academic Journals Inc., 2014, American Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Vol. 4, pp. 48-63. DOI: 10.3923/ajbmb.2014.48.63; http://www.scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ajbmb.2014.48.63. ISSN: 2150-4210.
- A proposed management of Burning Mouth Syndrome with Anti-Gastric-Ulcer Drug. Chhabra, Vandana, Kapila, Rishabh and Subash, B.V. [ed.] Anees Ahmad. 2, Pulau Pinang: HATAM Publishers, 2016, Annals of Dental Research, Vol. 5. ISSN: 2289-6252.
- Temple, Leslie Mendoza. Hypothyroidism. [ed.] David Rakel. Integrative Medicine. 3rd. Philadelphia: Saunders: Elsevier Inc., 2012, 33, pp. 312-320.e2. ISBN: 978-1-4377-1793-8.
- Alpha-lipoic Acid Improves Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Subclinical Hypothyroidism. Xiang, G.D., et al., et al. [ed.] Thomas Gudermann and Peter Nawroth. 9, Munich; Heidelberg: Georg Thieme Verlag KG, October 2010, Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes, Vol. 118, pp. 625-629. DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237702; https://www.thieme-connect.de/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-0029-1237702. ISSN: 0947-7349.
- Burning mouth syndrome and burning mouth in hypothyroidism: proposal for a diagnostic and therapeutic protocol. Femiano, Felice, et al., et al. [ed.] Mark W. Lingen. 1, Chicago: Elsevier Inc., January 2008, Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology, Vol. 105, pp. e22-e27. DOI: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2007.07.030; http://www.oooojournal.net/article/S1079-2104(07)00601-4/abstract. ISSN: 2212-4403.
- Alpha Lipoic Acid Attenuates Radiation-Induced Thyroid Injury in Rats. Jung, Jung Hwa, et al., et al. [ed.] David L. McCormick. 11, Chicago: Public Library of Science, November 17, 2014, PLoS ONE, Vol. 9, p. e112253. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112253; http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0112253. eISSN: 1932-6203.
- Alpha lipoic acid inhibits proliferation and epithelial mesenchymal transition of thyroid cancer cells. Jeon, Min Ji, et al., et al. [ed.] I.T. Huhtaniemi, R.J. Rodgers and C.M. Klinge. London; Adelaide; Louisville: Elsevier Ireland Ltd., January 5, 2016, Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Vol. 419, pp. 113-123. DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.10.005; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0303720715301064. ISSN: 0303-7207.
- Burning mouth syndrome (BMS): double blind controlled study of alpha-lipoic acid (thioctic acid) therapy. Femiano, F. and Scully, C. [ed.] Erik Dabelsteen. 5, Copenhagen: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, May 2002, Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine, Vol. 31, pp. 267-269. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0714.2002.310503.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1034/j.1600-0714.2002.310503.x/abstract. eISSN: 1600-0714.
- Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates hemorrhagic shock-induced apoptotic signaling and vascular hyperpermeability. Tharakan, Binu, et al., et al. [ed.] Irshad H. Chaudry. 5, Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins: The Shock Society, November 30, 2008, SHOCK®: Injury, Inflammation, and Sepsis: Laboratory and Clinical Approaches, Vol. 30, pp. 571-577. DOI: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31816a7308; http://journals.lww.com/shockjournal/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2008&issue=11000&article=00014&type=abstract. ISSN: 1073-2322.
- Effects of alpha lipoic acid and its R+ enantiomer supplemented to hyperbaric oxygen therapy on interleukin-6, TNF-α and EGF production in chronic leg wound healing. Nasole, Emanuele, et al., et al. [ed.] Claudiu T. Supuran. 2, Florence: Informa Plc., 2014, Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, Vol. 29, pp. 297-302. DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.759951; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.3109/14756366.2012.759951. ISSN: 1475-6366.
- Pretreatment of diabetic rats with lipoic acid improves healing of subsequently-induced abrasion wounds. Lateef, Humaira, et al., et al. [ed.] Ulrich Mrowietz. 2, Kiel: Springer-Verlag, August 2005, Archives of Dermatological Research, Vol. 297, pp. 75-83. DOI: 10.1007/s00403-005-0576-6; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00403-005-0576-6. ISSN: 0340-3696.
- Lipoic acid effects on renal function, aminopeptidase activities and oxidative stress in Crotalus durissus terrificus envenomation in mice. Alegre, Valter de Sousa, et al., et al. [ed.] Alan L. Harvey. 3, Glasgow: Elsevier Ltd., September 1, 2010, Toxicon, Vol. 56, pp. 402-410. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.04.003; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041010110001571. ISSN: 0041-0101.
- α-lipoic acid: An inhibitor of secretory phospholipase A2 with anti-inflammatory activity. Jameel, Noor Mohamed, Shekhar, Mysore A. and Vishwanath, Bannikuppe S. [ed.] Frank Porreca. 2, Columbus: Elsevier Inc., December 14, 2006, Life Sciences, Vol. 80, pp. 146-153. DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2006.08.032; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002432050600676X. ISSN: 0024-3205.
- Department of Defense: Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Energy, Installations, and Environment. Living Hazards Database (LHD). Armed Forces Pest Management Board. [Online] May 2016. [Cited: June 26, 2016.] http://www.acq.osd.mil/eie/afpmb/docs/lhd/venomous_animals_byspecies.pdf.
- Differential efficiency of simvastatin and lipoic acid treatments on Bothrops jararaca envenomation-induced acute kidney injury in mice. Barone, Juliana Marton, et al., et al. [ed.] Alan L. Harvey. 1, Glasgow: Elsevier Ltd., January 1, 2011, Toxicon, Vol. 57, pp. 148-156. DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2010.11.006; http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0041010110004022. ISSN: 0041-0101.
- Silberberg, Charles, Zieve, David and Ogilvie, Isla. Rhabdomyolysis. Medline Plus: U.S. National Library of Medicine. [Online] September 22, 2015. [Cited: June 26, 2016.] https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000473.htm.
- Immunomodulatory activities of alpha lipoic acid with a special focus on its efficacy in preventing miscarriage. Monastra, Giovanni, et al., et al. [ed.] Uday Kompella. Boulder: Taylor & Francis, June 24, 2016, Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery. DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2016.1200556; http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17425247.2016.1200556. ISSN: 1742-5247.
- α-Lipoic acid-based PPARγ agonists for treating inflammatory skin diseases. Venkatraman, Meenakshi S., et al., et al. [ed.] Ulrich Mrowietz. 3, Kiel: Springer-Verlag, August 2004, Archives of Dermatological Research, Vol. 296, pp. 97-104. DOI: 10.1007/s00403-004-0480-5; http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00403-004-0480-5. ISSN: 0340-3696.
- Activity of Alpha-Lipoic Acid in the Protection against Oxidative Stress in Skin. Podda, Maurizio, et al., et al. [ed.] J. Thiele and P. Elsner. bASEL: S. Karger AG, 2001, Oxidants and Antioxidants in Cutaneous Biology, Vol. 29, pp. 43-51. DOI: 10.1159/000060652; http://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/60652.
- Studies on the metabolism of thioctic acid in skin diseases. II. Loading test of thioctic acid in various skin diseases. Takenouchi, Katsu, Aso, Kazuo and Kawashima, Shinichiro. s.l.: The Vitamin Society of Japan, 1962, The Journal of Vitaminology, Vol. 8, pp. 99-114. DOI: 10.5925/jnsv1954.8.99; https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnsv1954/8/2/8_2_99/_article. ISSN: 0022-5398.
- Efficacy of food supplement to improve metabolic syndrome parameters in patients affected by moderate to severe psoriasis during anti-TNFα treatment. Skroza, N., et al., et al. 6, s.l.: Minerva Medica, 2013, Giornale Italiano di Dermatologia e Venereologia, Vol. 148, pp. 661-665. ISSN: 0392-0488.
- A Preliminary Investigation of [alpha]-Lipoic Acid Treatment of Antipsychotic Drug-Induced Weight Gain in Patients With Schizophrenia. Kim, Eosu, et al., et al. [ed.] Richard I. Shader and David J. Greenblatt. 2, Medford: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc., April 2008, Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, Vol. 28, pp. 138-146. DOI: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e31816777f7; http://journals.lww.com/psychopharmacology/pages/articleviewer.aspx?year=2008&issue=04000&article=00003&type=abstract. ISSN: 0271-0749.
- Kotsirilos, Vicki, Vitetta, Luis and Sali, Avni. Eczema, psoriasis, skin cancers, and other skin disorders. A Guide to Evidence-Based Integrative and Complementary Medicine. Chatswood: Churchill Livingstone: Elsevier Australia, 2011, 14, pp. 361-396. ISBN: 978-0-7295-3908-1.
- Delayed hypersensitive to Alpha-Lipoic acid: look at dietary supplement. Rizzi, A., et al., et al. [ed.] Wolfgang Uter. 1, Erlangen: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, July 2015, Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 73, pp. 62-63. DOI: 10.1111/cod.12393; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cod.12393/abstract. eISSN: 1600-0536.
- Contact dermatitis to alpha-lipoic acid in an anti-wrinkle cream. Bergqvist-Karlsson, A., Thelin, I. and Bergendorff, O. [ed.] Wolfgang Uter. 1, Erlangen: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, July 2006, Contact Dermatitis, Vol. 55, pp. 56-57. DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.0847c.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.0847c.x/abstract. eISSN: 1600-0536.
- Effect of Combined Treatment with Alpha Lipoic Acid and Acetyl-L-Carnitine on Vascular Function and Blood Pressure in Coronary Artery Disease Patients. McMackin, Craig J., et al., et al. [ed.] Marvin Moser. 4, Greenwich: Wiley Periodicals, Inc., April 2007, The Journal of Clinical Hypertension, Vol. 9, pp. 249-255. DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-6175.2007.06052.x; http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1524-6175.2007.06052.x/abstract. eISSN: 1751-7176.
Disclaimer: This website is not intended to replace professional consultation, diagnosis, or treatment by a licensed physician. If you require any medical related advice, contact your physician promptly. Information presented on this website is exclusively of a general reference nature. Do not disregard medical advice or delay treatment as a result of accessing information at this site.